Course description:

This course showcases how networks are widespread in society, technology, and nature, via a mix of theory and applications. It demonstrates the importance of understanding network effects when making decisions in an increasingly connected world. Four main parts of the course are
1.
Introduction to graph theory and network structure
2.
Intrduction to game theory and strategic interactions on networks
3.
Dynamic on networks: modelling evolving processes
4.
Modelling large scale realistic networks with random graphs
The applications include social networks, transportation networks, internet, innovation and disease spread, and others

The class is graded based on the final exam, the midterm, homeworks and project reports.


Materials:

The main recommended textbook is
[E&K]
D. Easley, J. Kleinberg, Networks, Crowds, and Markets: reasoning about highly connected world, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2010
This textbook provides additional background information, details and examples to complement the class material. However, it does not contain all the topics and definitions covered in class. Other helpful references include
[N]
M.E.J. Newman, Networks. An introduction. Oxford University Press, 2010
[K&P]
A. R. Karlin, Y. Peres Game theory. Alive. Published by AMS, 2016
[B]
A.-L. Barabasi, Network science. online textbook
Finally, a variety of supplementary notes on particular class topics is available due to the amazing help of teaching assistants, including
-
On on friendship paradox
-
On on centrality measures
-
On n computing pure and mixed Nash equilibria
-
On on best response dynamic and potential functions
-
On on random graph models


Tentative list of topics with references:

References to the textbooks are denoted as in the list above (e.g., [E&K] - Easley and Kleinberg, ...)
Lec 1
Connected components, giant component, graph definitions
[E&K, Chapter 2], [B, introduction]
Lec 2
Path lengths, adjacency matrices, connected components
[E&K, from Chapters 2 and 13, and also 3], [N, Chapter 6]
Lec 3
Vertex degrees, regular graphs, friendship paradox
on-friendship-paradox.pdf
Lec 4
Strong and weak ties, clustering coefficient, signed networks, edge centrality
[E&K, Chapters 3, 5; Chapter 4 briefly mentioned]
Lec 5
Node centralities
[N, Chapter 7], [E&K, Chapters 3, to some extent 14] centrality-measures.pdf
Lec 6
Partitioning and clustering
[E&K, Chapters 3.6], [N, Chapter 11.5]
Lec 7
Important concept from game theory: main definitions and assumptions, dominant strategies
[E&K, Chapter 6]
Lec 8
Important concept from game theory: Nash equilibria, mixed strategies, best response dynamic and potential games
[E&K, Chapter 6], [K&P, Intro, Chapter 4], mixed-Nash-example.pdf, potential-functions.pdf
Lec 9
Applications to traffic modeling, Braess paradox
[E&K, Chapter 8]
Lec 10
Two-sided matching markets, Gale-Shapley’s algorithm
[K&P, Chapter 10]
Lec 11
One-sided matching markets
[E&K, Chapter 10]
Lec 12
Revisiting hubs and authorities and PageRank via iterative improvement algorithms
[E&K, Chapter 14]
Lec 13
Dynamics on networks discussion and information cascades
[E&K, Chapter 16]
Lec 14
Diffusion of innovations and cascading on networks
[E&K, Chapter 19]
Lec 15
Epidemics modeling
[E&K, Chapter 21]
Lec 16
Small world and decentralized search: Watts-Strogatz model
[E&K, Chapter 20]
Lec 17
Degree distributions: Erdos-Renyi, Barabasi-Albert, configuration models
[E&K Chapter 18], [B Chapters 3.4 and 4-5], random-graphs.pdf
Lec 18
Erdos-Renyi model and emergence of giant component, Stochastic Block model
[B, Chapter 3], random-graphs.pdf